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ECO atlas · chess as a school of thought

Every opening has an idea.

Behind the first moves there are plans: who occupies the centre, who attacks it from afar, which pawn structure arises? chesstoteles makes these ideas visible.

5volumes, A to E
500ECO codes
3,815named variations
Aristotle sits thoughtfully at the chessboard in a colonnade, his chin resting on his hand; opposite him his opponent, beside them a chess clock, spectators watching in the background. C67Berlin Defense
Aristotle is about to move!1.e4 e5 2.♘f3 ♘c6 3.♗b5 ♘f6 4.O-O ♘xe4 5.d4 ♘d6 6.♗xc6 dxc6 7.dxe5 ♘f5 8.♕xd8+ ♔xd8

four ways through the openings

From the starting position to the variation.

Click your way move by move to the side variation, see how the openings belong together, browse all positions as diagrams or replay every variation on the board.

your own games

Your games. Your openings.

Load your own PGN file and see your games in the opening tree, in the net, as diagrams, in the statistics and at the board – they stay in your browser.

what the numbers reveal

What the numbers reveal
about openings.

Eight views of the world of openings – from the ECO table and from the collections of 1,509 players, from Anderssen to Carlsen: which openings they played, how the games ended, how their repertoire changed over the decades and whom they met most often.

Every volume has 100 codes, but not equally many variations

A
817Flank openings · Ø 8.2 variations per code
B
772Semi-open games · Ø 7.7 variations per code
C
1,250Open games · Ø 12.5 variations per code
D
614Closed games · Ø 6.1 variations per code
E
362Indian defences · Ø 3.6 variations per code
1,149,391games in the collections of 1,509 players,
18world champions and 1,491 other players,
1560–2022period of the games,

How many variations every group has

Inside the five volumes, outside the largest opening families – from the 3,815 ECO openings. Tap a ring to highlight it.

the five volumes of the ECO

A to E, a hundred codes each.

Every opening belongs to one of five volumes. The bar shows the share of all 3,815 variations, a click opens the tree with this volume.

1.e4 e5 · Kasparov – Karpov, WCh 1986

The first moves of the greats.

Seven famous games and the openings they began with. Every board shows the position after the opening and, at the push of a button, the moment that made the game famous. View all games →

1852 · BerlinC52 · Evans Gambit

Anderssen – Dufresne

1.e4 e5 2.♘f3 ♘c6 3.♗c4 ♗c5 4.b4 ♗xb4 5.c3

The Evergreen: a firework of attack after a pawn sacrifice.

1 - 024 moves
To the game →

Morphy – Braunschweig & Isouard

1.e4 e5 2.♘f3 d6 3.d4 ♗g4

The Opera Game: mate on move 17, in the middle of a performance.

1 - 017 moves
To the game →

Rotlewi – Rubinstein

1.d4 d5 2.♘f3 e6 3.e3 c5 4.c4 ♘c6

Rubinstein's Immortal: Black sacrifices queen and rook, 25…♖h3 decides.

0 - 125 moves
To the game →

Botvinnik – Capablanca

1.d4 ♘f6 2.c4 e6 3.♘c3 ♗b4 4.e3 d5

The future world champion beats the former one – with the famous bishop sacrifice 30.♗a3!

1 - 041 moves
To the game →

Fischer – Spassky

1.c4 e6 2.♘f3 d5 3.d4 ♘f6 4.♘c3 ♗e7

Game 6 of the world championship match. Spassky applauds his opponent.

1 - 041 moves
To the game →
1999 · Wijk aan ZeeB07 · Pirc Defense

Kasparov – Topalov

1.e4 d6 2.d4 ♘f6 3.♘c3 g6 4.♗e3 ♗g7

Kasparov's Immortal: the black king is hunted across the whole board.

1 - 044 moves
To the game →

tournaments and matches

Who played whom. Round by round.

The games of the collections sorted by tournament – 17,701 tournaments from 1620 to 2022, each with its games on the board.

learn and practise

From understanding to playing.

Short opening courses from the games of strong players, checked and explained by Stockfish – and a training in which you play their lines from memory.

→ Training

The training

Play the lines of a course from memory – from both sides, on two boards. The site remembers what you know: lines come again when they are due, your weak spots at a glance, the week as an overview.

1886 to today · 18 world champions

What the greats played.

The most frequent opening of every world champion, with White and with Black – from 32,681 games. The colour stripe shows the change of fashion over almost 140 years: from the Ruy Lopez and the Queen's Gambit to the Sicilian. The name opens the statistics, the opening the book with exactly these games.

202420232013200720001985197519721969196319601957194819351927192118941886WhiteBlack
A · Flank openingsB · Semi-open gamesC · Open gamesD · Closed gamesE · Indian defences
18
Gukesh DommarajuWorld champion 2024–presentGames 2015–2022821 games,
with White
with Black
17
Ding LirenWorld champion 2023–2024Games 2001–20221,152 games,
with White
with Black
16
Magnus CarlsenWorld champion 2013–2023Games 2000–20222,119 games,
with White
with Black
15
Viswanathan AnandWorld champion 2007–2013Games 1984–20223,488 games,
with White
with Black
14
Vladimir KramnikWorld champion 2000–2007Games 1988–20222,586 games,
with White
with Black
13
Garry KasparovWorld champion 1985–2000Games 1973–20212,563 games,
with White
with Black
12
Anatoly KarpovWorld champion 1975–1985Games 1961–20223,644 games,
with White
with Black
11
Robert FischerWorld champion 1972–1975Games 1955–1992954 games
with White
with Black
10
Boris SpasskyWorld champion 1969–1972Games 1952–20062,393 games
with White
with Black
9
Tigran PetrosianWorld champion 1963–1969Games 1942–19832,092 games
with White
with Black
8
Mikhail TalWorld champion 1960–1961Games 1949–19922,595 games
with White
with Black
7
Vasily SmyslovWorld champion 1957–1958Games 1939–20012,717 games
with White
with Black
6
Mikhail BotvinnikWorld champion 1948–1957, 1958–1960, 1961–1963Games 1925–1977978 games
with White
with Black
5
Max EuweWorld champion 1935–1937Games 1919–19801,360 games
with Black
4
Alexander AlekhineWorld champion 1927–1935, 1937–1946Games 1907–19462,136 games
with Black
3
José Raúl CapablancaWorld champion 1921–1927Games 1901–19411,192 games
with White
2
Emanuel LaskerWorld champion 1894–1921Games 1889–19401,047 games
with White
with Black
1
Wilhelm SteinitzWorld champion 1886–1894Games 1859–1899669 games
with White
with Black

A stronger colour in the stripe means a higher share. World champion years: classical world championship.

Πάντες ἄνθρωποι τοῦ εἰδέναι ὀρέγονται φύσει.

“All men by nature desire to know.”

Aristotle · Metaphysics